ABSTRACT – Anal Fissure is a small tear or cut in the lining of the anal canal. It happens...
Anal fissure
Anal Fissure is a small tear or cut in the lining of the anal canal. It happens when hard stool passes during bowel movement which might cause pain and bleeding. At the end of the anus sphincter, it can cause spasm in the ring of muscle. The pain can be cured by increasing fiber intake and sitz bath.
CAUSES –
Constipation causes lesion in the anal area
Chronic diarrhea
Anal intercourse
Passing large or hard stools
Childbirth
Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and other inflammatory bowel disease
Anal cancer
HIV
Tuberculosis
Syphilis
TREATMENT –
Apply nitroglycerin externally, which increases the blood flow to the fissure and heal the affected area
Topical anesthetic creams are applied on the skin which gives relief to the pain.
Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injection is used to paralyze the anal sphincter muscle and relax spasms.
If the symptoms are severe, surgery is recommended. Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS) is performed, where a small portion of anal sphincter muscle is cut to reduce the spasm and pain.
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