ABSTRACT – Diphtheria is a bacterial disease caused by microorganism Corynebacterium Diphtheria which leads to inflammation of mucous membranes...
Diphtheria
Diphtheria is a bacterial disease caused by microorganism Corynebacterium Diphtheria which leads to inflammation of mucous membranes of nose and throat. It makes glands swollen, throat sore, fever and weakness. There is a formation of false membrane in throat that blocks airway which makes breathing difficult.
CAUSES –
Air bubbles
Air pollution like dust, mist, fumes etc
Dusty household items
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
Formation of pseudo-membrane between nose and throat
Sore throat with roughness
Swollen glands
Rhinorrhea i.e. nasal discharge
Struggle in breathing
Uneasiness
Cold and fever
COMPLICATIONS –
Breathlessness wherein breathing becomes difficult
Heart complications
Nerve complications
DIAGNOSIS –
Laboratory tests to identify the growth level of Corynebacterium Diphtheria.
TREATMENT –
Medications
Antitoxins
Antibiotics
If left untreated, this disease becomes difficult to cure.
RISK FACTORS –
Low immunity
Unhygienic conditions
Travelling to disease prevalent places where disease is common
RISK FACTORS –
Diphtheria specific vaccination, better to be administered during childhood.
EPIDEMIOLOGY –
Annually 5 to10 percent of people get infected with diphtheria worldwide.
The mortality rate is 20% in infected children of age under 5 years or older people with age more than 40 years.
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