ABSTRACT – Encephalitis is a type of viral infection that affects physical condition of brain. It causes severe or...
Encephalitis
Encephalitis is a type of viral infection that affects physical condition of brain. It causes severe or mild flu, fever or headache. It also creates problem in movement or senses, seizures and complex thinking. It is a dangerous disorder as it is difficult to identify encephalitis. It badly affects individual’s life therefore timely diagnosis and treatment is a must requirement.
Types –
Primary Encephalitis
Secondary Encephalitis
CAUSES –
Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
Enteroviruses
Mosquito borne viruses
Tick borne viruses
Rabies virus
Other herpes viruses
Infections in childhood
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
Continuous pain in head
High body temperature
Pain in muscles and joints
Extreme tiredness
Illusions
Seizures
Loss of ability to move face and body parts
Unconsciousness
Oration and Speech problems
COMPLICATIONS –
Memory loss
Change in personality
Weakness in muscles
Paralysis
Epilepsy
Vision, hearing and speech problems
DIAGNOSIS –
CT Scan
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Spinal puncture
Laboratory test
Biopsy of brain
TREATMENT –
Proper Sleep
More liquid food / diet
Medications such as antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs
Various therapies such as physical, occupational, oration and psychotherapy
RISK FACTORS –
Age
Low immunity
Seasonal factors
Environmental factors
PREVENTIONS –
Minimum exposure to mosquitoes and viruses
Avoid unhygienic conditions and sanitation
Time to time vaccinations to children
Avoid mosquito-prone areas
Don’t allow stagnant water standing around house to stop the growth of mosquito and other infections
EPIDEMIOLOGY –
Estimation shows that it occurs mostly in children however, it can affect people of any age group irrespective of the gender.
HIV infected population are more prone to get affected by Encephalitis. It affects around 15% of HIV population globally.
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