ABSTRACT – Hemorrhoids, also known as piles are swollen veins that affects lower part of anus and lower rectum....
Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids, also known as piles are swollen veins that affects lower part of anus and lower rectum. It can be treated and prevented but becomes unpleasant and painful when walls of veins are stretched. It turns worse with time hence it is necessary to treat Hemorrhoids as soon as it is noticed.
Types –
Internal
External
Thrombosed
CAUSES –
Straining during bowel movements
Pregnancy
Obesity
Anal intercourse
Sitting for longer periods on toilet
Low fiber diet
Constipation
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
Bleeding during bowel movements
Irritation and itching
Pain and discomfort
Lump and swelling around anus
COMPLICATIONS –
Anemia
Strangulated Hemorrhoid
DIAGNOSIS –
Digital examination, insertion of gloved lubricated finger into rectum.
Visual inspection, examination of lower portion of colon and rectum with anoscope, proctoscope or sigmoidoscope.
TREATMENT –
Home treatments such as ice packs, cold compressor, usage of dry toilet paper
Medications like OTC creams, ointments, analgesics, pads and suppositories
Surgery includes complete removal of the hemorrhoids, known as a hemorrhoidectomy.
RISK FACTORS –
Weakening and stretching in anus and rectum
Pregnancy
PREVENTION –
Regular exercise
Drink plenty of liquid fluid
Intake of high fiber diet
Avoid long periods of sitting
EPIDEMIOLOGY –
The overall prevalence of hemorrhoids in the general population is estimated to be 4.4% worldwide.
It usually becomes common among people older than 45 years irrespective of gender.
Overall, around 25% females and 15% males get affected with Piles every year.
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