ABSTRACT – Disc are the rubbery cushions between vertebrae of spine. Spinal disk contains jelly material inside with hard...
Herniated disc
Herniated Disc are the rubbery cushions between vertebrae of spine. Spinal disk contains jelly material inside with hard exterior. Herniated Disc occurs when softer jelly protrudes through the tougher exterior. It is also called as slipped disk or ruptured disk. It irritates nearby nerves which results in pain, numbness or weakness. However, some people don’t experience pain and can get cured within few months.
CAUSES –
Disk degeneration
Aging
Reduction in amount of disk water results into inflexibility
Protrusion of soft interior from the wall of disk
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
Numbness and tingling sensation in spine
Weakness in muscles due to affected nerves
Back pain spreading to arms, legs, neck
COMPLICATIONS-
Sciatica
Bladder or bowel dysfunction
Saddle anesthesia
Cauda equina or horse’s tail wherein the spinal cord gets separated into group of individual nerves.
DIAGNOSIS –
Physical examination
X-ray
CT Scan
MRI
Myelogram – Taking an x-ray image of dye-injected spinal fluid
TREATMENT –
Medications:
OTC Pain Relievers
Narcotics
Anticonvulsants
Muscle relaxants
Cortisone injectionss
Physiotherapy
Surgery – Artificial Disk Replacement
RISK FACTORS –
Hereditary and Genetics
Obesity
Driving frequently
Straining spine through heavy lifting, improper pulling or twisting
Inactive lifestyle with no exercise
Smoking
PREVENTIONS –
Exercise regularly
Lose weight.
Maintain good body posture
Maintain weight according to BMI
EPIDEMIOLOGY –
Estimation shows that 5 to 20 individuals per 1000 adults gets affected from Herniated Disk annually.
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