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ABSTRACT –

Obesity is a condition where the body carries excessive weight than expected which affects the health of a person. This occurs if the body mass index (BMI) of a person is higher than expected. Obesity can be one of the major reason behind lifelong severe diseases like heart disease, diabetes, high BP etc. It can be cured if one takes control with some changes in lifestyle, habits and some preventions.

CAUSES –

• Genetics
• Excessive calories intake
• Irregular sleep schedule
• Inactive lifestyle
• Unhealthy eating habits
• Imbalanced diet
• Hormonal changes
• Laziness
• Smoking and Alcohol abuse

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –

• High body mass index (BMI) than expected

COMPLICATIONS –

• Physical conditions:
  • High cholesterol
  • High BP
  • Heart conditions like stroke
  • Breathing issues
  • Gynecological issues like infertility, reduced menstruation
  • Sexual dysfunction
  • Liver and gallbladder diseases
• Mental conditions:
  • Depression
  • Social shame
  • Isolation
  • Sexual problems

DIAGNOSIS –

• Physical Examination like waist circumference measurement
• BMI Test
• Blood Test

TREATMENT –

• Surgery
• Prescribed medications for weight loss
• Proper and healthy diet
• Change in lifestyle
• Recommended exercises

RISK FACTORS –

• Genetics
• Inactiveness
• Irregular sleep
• Pregnancy
• Excessive smoking and alcohol consumption
• Medical issues such as arthritis, thyroid etc
• Unbalanced and unhealthy diet

PREVENTION –

• Exercise regularly
• Balanced, low-fat and healthy diet
• Proper and on-time sleep
• Avoid junk food
• Monitor and maintain the weight
• Stick to a healthy schedule
• Be active

EPIDEMIOLOGY –

• Estimation shows that 650 million people i.e.13% of the world adult population are obese.
• The world prevalence rate of obesity has tripled in the recent years.