TOOTH DECAY
29 Jul 2019
ABSTRACT –
Tooth decay is the condition where the hard surface of the teeth gets permanently damaged by a tiny opening or hole on it. It is a very common condition also known as cavities which can happen at any age by a cause of multiple factors. It has to be treated with utmost care because in severe cases, it can affect the deeper layers of the teeth if left untreated.
CAUSES –
- Dental Plaque Formation
- Plaque attacking the tooth resulting in sensitivity
- Plaque formation in Tooth root
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
- Severe toothache
- Sensitivity in the tooth
- Pain while eating and drinking
- Visible holes on the teeth
COMPLICATIONS –
- Severe pain
- Tooth Abscess as a result of bacterial infection
- Severe swelling or pus in and around the tooth
- Permanent damage of the tooth
- Nutrition deficiency and weight loss
DIAGNOSIS –
- Physical examination
- Dental X- ray
- Sensitivity test by tapping on the teeth
TREATMENT –
- Fluoride treatment
- Dental filling
- Crown fitting
- Root canal
- Removal of tooth
RISK FACTORS –
Molars and premolars are at risk of developing tooth decay the most and these could be the reasons:
- Bedtime snacking
- Poor brushing
- Lack of fluoride intake
- Dental filling can weaken the tooth
- Repeated munching and drinking sugary drinks
- Eating disorders resulting in reduced saliva production
PREVENTION –
- Healthy brush routine
- Dental sealant for protecting back teeth
- Rinsing mouth after eating and drinking
- Routine dental checkup
- Avoid having snacks and sugary drinks often
EPIDEMIOLOGY –
- The global studies shows that the prevalence rate of this condition is so high that half of the population i.e. 3.58 million people worldwide are suffering from Tooth Decay.
- Gum diseases can also lead to tooth decay or loss by being the 11th most prevalent condition globally.